There are many theories of thinking when it comes to science and the grander scheme of things. Part and parcel of the answer comes down to ones way of thinking or their set of belief systems. So where does science, astronomy, and astrology become comparable and where do they differ. Where they have similar thinking is on their perceptions of celestial bodies. That is basically the only consensus between the two.
Astrology. When most think of astrology they associate it with looking up their horoscope in the newspaper to see how their day or week will go. Do they truly believe what they read? Yes, some do, but why? Most of the firm believers that are religious to look it up everyday, may not even know why or what it means. The way astrology functions are under the premise of a cosmic paradox to foretell circumstances that occur and will occur in the future. Astrologers believe that celestial objects affect human behavior and nature happenstances. If the stars are aligned the way they should be, than the horoscope should be true, right? The problem is so little tangible evidence, but that is not to say dismissing it entirely.
Now we look at astronomy. Astronomy is believed to be the scientific analysis of the creation and evolution of the universe. The premise of their thinking is space beyond earth. They look from a physics and chemistry point of view when it comes to the cosmic bodies, and their central focus is on the concept of the formation and growth of the universe and celestial objects. Unlike astrology that focuses on the influence those things have on human life.
Astronomy, ultimately, is a science-based theory. On the other hand, astrology is a set in a belief system of different interpretations of the movements of those celestial bodies, and how they affect each individual and their environment.
It comes down to each individual’s own interpretation.